
HOW THE
PERSONAL EQUIPMENT/LIFE SUPPORT
PROGRAM DEVELOPED
Reference: AF Manual 64-4, dated Oct 1954
Before 1943 the United
States Air Force had little need for a specialized survival training and
personal equipment program. After 1943, however, personal, survival, and
emergency equipment, as well as aircraft themselves, became diversified to such
an extent that regulations were issued to accomplish an over-all program of
supervision.
To effect this, the Air
Force commands in the European Theater found it necessary to assign to each Air
Force echelon one or more non-flying officers whose specific duty it was to
monitor the handling of flying equipment. These officers assumed responsibility
for the custody, maintenance, servicing and issuing of all items of personal
equipment. They were also responsible for instructing aircrews and maintaining
aircrew discipline in the use and care of personal equipment.
Several years after the war,
mainly because of a MOS reduction, the survival training and personal equipment
responsibilities were assigned to the air supply officer as a secondary duty.
However, because of the
continuing development of new, complex equipment and more advanced emergency
procedures, the survival training and personal equipment program was revived as
a principal duty in 1951. Individual
commands were made responsible for the formation and administration of formal
training courses for prospective survival training and personal equipment
officers.
An airman's career field has
meanwhile been approved by USAF Headquarters and has been implemented by AFR
35-492. This field consists of two ladders: para-rescue and survival training
and personal equipment.
Thus the continuing
development of the program now has its airmen technicians on one hand and
officers in charge on the other. The program itself is increasing in
importance, especially as a help to well-established flying safety programs.
Probably the biggest factor
in the continuance of the program is the need for proper training and discipline
on the part of aircrews and ground maintenance men in handling personal
equipment. Naturally, shortcomings have existed in organizations, which have
had no positive program. During such
times injuries and fatalities, resulting from aircraft crashes and ditching,
have pointed directly to an uncontrolled survival training and personal
equipment program. Incidents have been
reported in such cases where life rafts were found overdue for periodic
inspection, and where life vests have incorrectly weighed CO2 cylinders. Also,
survival equipment aboard aircraft had been insufficiently checked. Crew training in survival and emergency
procedures, such as ditching and crash landing was found generally inadequate
and directly responsible for fatalities and serious injuries.
Such fatalities prove that
the survival training and personal equipment program is of highest importance
and would require specialized, formal training of personnel in the
program. Equally important is the
proper screening of personnel being considered for on-the-job or formal
training. Previous training and
experience gained through active participation in the Boy Scout outdoor
training indicates interest in survival type activities. Persons entering the program should have
above average mechanical ability and, most important, physical fitness and an
interest in this type of activity.